Quality circle
A **quality circle** is a small group of employees who voluntarily meet regularly to identify, analyze, and solve work-related problems, particularly those related to quality, productivity, and efficiency. Typically composed of 6-12 members from the same work area, these groups use structured problem-solving techniques, such as brainstorming, Pareto analysis, or cause-and-effect diagrams, to propose and implement improvements. Key features: - **Purpose**: Enhance quality, reduce defects, improve processes, and boost employee morale. - **Origin**: Developed in Japan in the 1960s by Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa as part of the post-WWII quality movement, inspired by W. Edwards Deming. - **Structure** : Led by a facilitator or team leader, often a supervisor, with members trained in basic quality tools. - **Process**: Identify issues, collect data, analyze root causes, propose solutions, and present to management for approval. - **Benefits**: Improves teamwork, empowers employees, reduces costs,...